Blog - Preliminary Research and Summation #3
1. Physical Wellness Among Gaming Adults: Cross-Sectional Study
Research Question: What is the relationship between gaming and physical wellness?
Method: Using data from 292 participants from a gaming convention, each participant had to answer a computer-based questionnaire. This questionnaire analyzed their gaming behavior and physical activity. Some of the questions were formatted as:
- What gaming platforms do they use most often, such as computers, consoles, phones, etc. As well as how often they are sitting when gaming and taking breaks.
- How often do they do moderate and vigorous activity?
- Other health-related questions like their medical history and whether they have had a history of diabetes or high cholesterol.
- How often do they fruits and veggies?
- Demographic information like race, gender, age, and economic status.
Results: The results at the end of the study showed that there was a mean age of thirty-four years old, and a majority of participants were overweight. "Most participants were either overweight (77 of 292, 26.4%) or obese (154 of 292, 47.3%), with a mean BMI of 31.2 (SD 8.8) kg/m"(Arnaez, 2018). Around 66 of 292 people interviewed said they had a health condition that makes it difficult for them to exercise. The study also found those who played on more than one gaming platform had lower physical activity.
Summary: This study adds to my research by confirming a point of my thesis about how there is a correlation between gaming and obesity. The study also discusses the unhealthy effects of sitting all day, which can be a good source for my research on how to make gaming more physically active.
https://games.jmir.org/2018/2/e12
2. Gaming Disorder and Effects of Gaming on Health: An Overview
Research Question: What are the negative effects of gaming on physical health?
Method: The study opens up by discussing what would be considered a "gaming disorder" and the negative effects it can have on one's physical health. Gaming disorder is characterized as "behavior characterized by impaired control over gaming activity, increasing priority given to gaming over other activities to the extent that gaming takes precedence over other interests and daily activities"(Ayenigbara, 2018). The study also discussed how excessive gaming can cause musculoskeletal problems like hand, wrist, and back pain. There were also discussions on how there can be an increase in junk food intake, especially by video games played singularly.
Summary: Many of my studies have focused on the solutions to how gamification can improve physical fitness, but I think the article accomplishes the task of what problems come with a lack of exercise. Effects like obesity, or muscle problems illustrate the problem statement more.
3. Motivation to Participate, Exercise Affect, and Outcome Behaviors toward Physical Activity
Topic: Motivation for physical activity
Method: The article addresses what are the motivating factors for exercising and how that can affect physical activity. Studying 118 participants between the ages of 17 to 52 years, participants were given extrinsic motivation when exercising. Using psychology, they would interview the participants after each session and ask about their self-worth and their overall satisfaction.
Results: The study concluded that with outlined motivations, there was an increase in exercise and enjoyment of exercise.
Summary: This study was great for outlining how motivation can increase physical activity and could definitely play a role in the solution to my problem statement.
4. Determinants of adherence to lifestyle intervention in adults with obesity: a systematic review
Topic: What are some factors that can make adults resistant to exercise?
Method: Analyzing participants who have a BMI over thirty, the study asked why they may have some resistance to exercise. They also asked about their food behaviors and if they haven't any chronic illnesses.
Results: Factors that could play a role in resistance to exercise or lack of interest could be:
- Environmental/Societal factors
- Psychological factors like stress, anxiety, and depression
- Lack of knowledge on how to engage in more healthy behaviors
Summary: This study was good in addressing factors that come into play when discussing on what makes people resistant to exercise. When designing a solution for my problem, I want to keep the factors in mind.
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/cob.12183
5. Too bored for sports? Adaptive and less-adaptive latent personality profiles for exercise behavior
Topic: Ways to increase exercise behavior
This article focuses on how boredom can play a role in lack of exercise and focuses on these topics:
- Exercise is primarily self-controlled
- Exercise can be boring
The study then put out a 10-minute questionnaire about participants' opinions on exercise. The study concluded that many participants that did the same type of exercise started to grow bored of it quickly. While participants who consistently changed their routines felt more self-control.
Summary: This was a good read when it comes to see why some may find exercise boring! Finding more problems like lack of diversity in things can add to my research on making exercise more enjoyable.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1469029220308360
6. A Primer on the Role of Boredom in Self-Controlled Sports and Exercise Behavior
Topic: Boredom and Exercise
Method: This article also discusses how exercise can be effected self-control and how boredom interacts with that. They also discuss how having some kind of reward could reduce boredom in physical activity. Changing your mindset is heavily focused on in this article as to how one can find more engaging activities to reduce boredom.
Summary: I think focusing on the psychological aspect of why some do not find exercise appealing is interesting. Focusing on the problem as a mental challenge and not just a physical one is an interesting way to go. But I do think this will be beneficial for my overall research.
7. Physical Inactivity: Associated Diseases and Disorders
Topic: Health risks that can culminate with excessive physical inactivity
Method: The journal primarily discusses the relationship between chronic illnesses with excessive physical inactivity. The study says, "Indeed, about 15% of the 1.6 million newly diagnosed chronic diseases each year are due to a sedentary lifestyle"(Knight, 2012). Obesity isn't just the only symptom of a lack of physical inactivity it can also result in a lower lifespan, with 65% of deaths relating to health risks. Other health risks that can result from physical inactivity are:
- Heart Disease
- Stroke
- Hypertension
- Type 2 Diabetes
- Osteoporosis
- Depression
The study concludes that physical activity isn't just for weight loss, but also for avoiding major health conditions later on.
Summary: The article listed the health risks when it comes to a lack of physical inactivity, and gave some good information on the real risk outside of obesity. This article will definitely be helpful in my research when discussing the problems of lack of exercise.
http://www.annclinlabsci.org/content/42/3/320.full
8. Physical inactivity: the biggest public health problem of the 21st century
Topic: Health problems associated with physical inactivity
Method: In this article, the health risks that are associated with no exercise are compared to the health risks of smoking. The article discusses how there is a high chance of high blood pressure and risk of cardiovascular disease. One graph is shown to explain the most common traits in those high levels of physical inactivity, while the other shows the risks of cardiovascular disease.
Summary: I really enjoyed this read and appreciated the visuals to explain the most common problems that come with physical inactivity.
9. Lack of physical activity and excessive sitting: health hazards for young people?
Research Question: How does excessive sitting affect physical health?
Method: The article first starts by stating what difference between sedentary, moderate, and vigorous lifestyles and how each lifestyle affects your lifespan. Traits like obesity and diabetes are explained as effects that can happen, and the article gives recommendations to different countries on how to boost physical activity.
Summary: The article talks about her different health lifestyles and I appreciated how it focused on different health lifestyles in different countries, not just America.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7700832/#:~:text=Sedentary%20behaviors%20have%20wide%2Dranging,such%20as%20arthralgia%20and%20osteoporosis%3B
10. Be smart, exercise your heart: exercise effects on brain and cognition
Topic: Brain and exercise
Method: This article touches on how lack of exercise can affect your brain functions and cognitive health. The study showed that with more physical exercise, motor functions are increased in the brain.
Summary: I think this will be excellent article to include in my research due to its focus on cognitive functions.
References:
Arnaez, J., Frey, G., Cothran, D., Lion, M., & Chomistek, A. (2018, June 12). Physical Wellness Among Gaming Adults: Cross-Sectional Study. JMIR Serious Games, 6(2), e12. https://doi.org/10.2196/games.9571
Blair, S. N. (2009). Physical inactivity: The biggest public health problem of the 21st century. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 43(1), 1.
Burgess, E., Hassmén, P., & Pumpa, K. L. (2017, March 15). Determinants of adherence to lifestyle intervention in adults with obesity: a systematic review. Clinical Obesity, 7(3), 123–135. https://doi.org/10.1111/cob.12183
Frederick, C. M., Morrison, C., & Manning, T. (1996). Motivation to Participate, Exercise Affect, and Outcome Behaviors toward Physical Activity. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 82(2), 691–701. https://doi.org/10.2466/pms.1996.82.2.691
Gaming Disorder and Effects of Gaming on Health: An Overview. (n.d.). Retrieved October 6, 2022, from https://www.peertechzpublications.com/articles/doi10.17352-2455-3484.000025-jamts.php#References
Hillman, C. H., Erickson, K. I., & Kramer, A. F. (2008, January). Be smart, exercise your heart: exercise effects on brain and cognition. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 9(1), 58–65. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn2298
Park JH, Moon JH, Kim HJ, Kong MH, Oh YH. Sedentary Lifestyle: Overview of Updated Evidence of Potential Health Risks. Korean J Fam Med. 2020 Nov;41(6):365-373. doi: 10.4082/kjfm.20.0165. Epub 2020 Nov 19. PMID: 33242381; PMCID: PMC7700832.
Uz Tuncay, S., & Yeldan, I. (2013). Is Physical Inactivity Associated With Musculoskeletal Disorders? Ağrı - the Journal of the Turkish Society of Algology, 25(4), 147–155. https://doi.org/10.5505/agri.2013.09825
Wolff, W., Bieleke, M., Stähler, J., & Schüler, J. (2021, March). Too bored for sports? Adaptive and less-adaptive latent personality profiles for exercise behavior. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 53, 101851. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2020.101851
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